La conexión filipina del Islam global y el mito de Alejandro / The Philippine Connection in Global Islam and the Myth of Alexander
Keywords:
Alejandro Magno, Iskandar Dū l-Qarnayn, Islam global, archipiélago filipino, historiografía, társila, Alexander the Great, Iskandar Dū l-Qarnayn, Global Islam, Philippine Archipelago, Historiography, Silsila.Abstract
En el presente trabajo se describe el cambio de paradigma operado en el estudio del Islam filipino a la luz de las nuevas tendencias historiográficas aparecidas en los últimos años. Se explica el marco macrohistórico de la concepción islámica del mundo, para conectar el proceso de islamización de Filipinas con la historia del Islam global, y se estudia como ejemplo el mito de Iskandar Dū l-Qarnayn para entender el modelo coránico y la aplicación concreta de la legitimidad islámica en la fundación de sultanatos en el Sudeste asiático, hasta llegar a la aparición de la figura de Alejandro Magno en las társilas del sultanato de Sulú en el archipiélago filipino. /
In this article we describe the paradigm shift in the study of Philippine Islam in light of new historiographical approaches. Firstly, we explain the macro-historical framework in the Islamic conception of the world, connecting the process of Islamization of the Philippine archipelago with the history of Global Islam. Secondly, we examine the myth of Iskandar Dū l-Qarnayn as an example for understanding the Qur’ānic model, and the concrete application of Islamic legitimacy in the foundation of sultanates in Southeast Asia, up until the appearance of Alexander the Great in the silsilas of the Philippine sultanate of Sulu.
Downloads
References
Bakar, O. (2016): Qur’anic Pictures of the Universe. The Scriptural Foundation of Islamic Cosmology, Universiti Brunei Darussalama, Brunéi.
Bertrand, R. (2015): «Historia global, historias conectadas: ¿un giro historiográfico?», en Prohistoria 18 (24): 3-20.
Brown, C.C. (1970): Sĕjarah Mĕlayu or Malay Annals, Oxford University Press, Kuala Lumpur.
Cerulli E.; Bombaci, A. (eds.) (1970): Abū ‘Abd Allāh Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad ibn ‘Abd Allāh ibn Idrīs al-Idrīsī, Opus Geographicum, Istituto Universitario Orientale, 9 vols., Nápoles.
Cortés, J. (2002): El Corán, Herder, Barcelona.
Donoso, I. (2008): «Al-Andalus and Asia: Ibero-Asian Relations before Magellan», en: idem (ed.), More Hispanic than We Admit. Insights into Philippine Cultural History, Vibal Foundation, Quezon City: 9-35.
Donoso, I. (2013): Islamic Far East: Ethnogenesis of Philippine Islam, Universidad de Filipinas, Quezon City.
Donoso, I. (2014): «Manila y la empresa imperial del Sultanato de Brunéi en el siglo XVI», Revista Filipina, 2 (1): 14-24.
Donoso, I. (2015a): «El Pacífico en la historia del islam», en S. Bernabéu, C. Mena y E.J. Luque Azcona (coords.), Conocer el Pacífico. Exploraciones, imágenes y formación de sociedades oceánicas, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla: 57-78.
Donoso, I. (2015b): «The Philippines and al-Andalus: Linking the Edges of the Classical Islamic World», Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints 63 (2): 247-273.
Donoso, I. (2016): «El viaje andalusí al Extremo Oriente: peregrinación, comercio y diáspora», en K. Herbers y H.C. Lehner (eds.), Unterwegs im Namen der Religion II / On the Road in the Name of Religion II Wege und Ziele in vergleichender Perspektive – das mittelalterliche Europa und Asien / Ways and Destinations in Comparative Perspective – Medieval Europe and Asia, Franz Steiner Verlag, Stuttgart: 241-255.
Donoso, I. (2018a): «El pensamiento islámico en la construcción contemporánea del Sudeste asiático», eHumanista/IVITRA, 13: 353-370.
Donoso, I. (2018b): «Aljamiado Hispanofilipino: Spanish Language in Philippine Jawi Script», Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints, 66 (1): 49-76.
Doufikar-Aerts, F. (2010): Alexander Magnus Arabicus: A Survey of the Alexander Tradition Through Seven Centuries from Pseudo-Callisthenes to Ṣūrī, Lovaina, Peeters.
Fealy, G.; Hooker, V. (eds.) (2006): Voices of Islam in Southeast Asia. A Contemporary Soucesbook, ISEAS, Singapur.
Ferrand, G. (1913): Relations de voyages et textes géographiques arabes, persans et turks relatifs a l’Extrême-Orient du viiie au xviiie siècles, Ernest Leroux, Paris.
Ferrand, G. (1921-23): Instructions nautiques et routiers arabes et portugais des XVe et XVIe siècles, reproduits, traduits et annotés, 3 vols., Librairie Orientaliste Paul Geuthner, Paris.
Ferrand, G. (1922): L’Empire sumatranais de Çrīvijaya, Librairie Orientaliste, Paris.
Ferrand, G. (1928): Introduction a l’astronomie nautique arabe, Librairie Orientaliste Paul Geuthner, Paris.
Franco Sánchez, F. (2005): «El occidente musulmán en los mapas del Mediterráneo de la ‘escuela de al-Baljī (s. IV H./ X. J.C.)’», en A. Planet y F. Ramos (eds.), Relaciones Hispano-Marroquíes: Una vecindad en construcción, Ediciones del oriente y el mediterráneo, Guadarrama: 35-62.
García Gómez, E. (1926): «Un cuento árabe, fuente común de Abentofáil y de Gracián», Revista de Archivos, Bibliotecas y Museos, 30: 1-67; 241-269.
Geertz, C. (1968): Islam Observed: Religious Development in Marocco and Indonesia, Yale University Press, New Haven & London.
Glassé, C. (ed.) (2003): The New Encyclopedia of Islam, Londres & Walnut Creek, Rowman & Altamira.
Goeje, M. J. de (1894): Bibliotheca Geographorum Arabicorum. Pars octava. Kitāb at-Tanbīh wa’l-Ischrāf, auctore al-Masūdī, Brill, Leiden.
Grignaschi, M. (1993): «La figure d'Alexandre chez les Arabes et sa genèse», Arabic Sciences and Philosophy, 3 (2): 205-234.
Guillot, C. ; Kalus, L. (2008): Les monuments funéraires et l’histoire du sultanat de Pasai à Sumatra (XIIIe-XVIe siècles), Éditions de la Maison des sciences de l'homme, Paris.
Hamidullah, M. (1953): The Muslim Conduct of the State, being a treatise on Siyar, that is Islamic notion on Public international Law, consisting of the laws of Peace, War and Neutrality, together with precedents from orthodox practice and preceded by a historical and general introduction, Muhammad Ashraf, Lahore.
Hernández Juberías, J. (1996): La Península imaginaria. Mitos y leyendas sobre al-Andalus, CSIC, Madrid.
Hill A.H. (1960): «Hikayat Raja-Raja Pasai», Journal of the Malayan Branch, Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, Kuala Lumpur 22 (2): 1-215.
Insoll, T. (1990): The Archaeology of Islam, Blackwell, Oxford.
Kazuo, M. (2004): «Toward the Formation of Sayyido-Sharifology: Questioning Accepted Fact», The Journal of Sophia Asian Studies, 22: 87-103.
King, D. A. (1999): World-Maps for Finding the Direction and Distance to Mecca: Innovation and Tradition in Islamic Science, Brill, Leiden.
Lipman, J.N. (1998): Familiar Strangers: A History of Muslims in Northwest China, Hong Kong University Press, Hong Kong.
Manteghi, Haila (2018): Alexander the Great in the Persian Tradition: History, Myth and Legend in Medieval Iran, I.B.Tauris, London.
Majul, César Adib (1999): Muslims in the Philippines, Universidad de Filipinas, Quezon City.
Maqbul Ahmad S. et alt. (1986): «Hind», en Encyclopaedia of Islam2, vol. 3, Brill, Leiden: 404-415.
Miquel, A. (1975): La géographie humaine du monde musulman jusqu'au milieu du 11e. siècle. Géographie arabe et représentation du monde: la terre et l'étranger, vol. 2, Mouton & École Pratique des Hautes Études, Paris-La Haya.
Milner, Anthony (2011): The Malays, Wiley-Blackwell, Chichester.
Nadvi, Syed Sulaiman (1966): The Arab Navigation, Muhammad Ashraf, Lahore.
Nasr, Seyyed Hossein (1978): An Introduction to Islamic Cosmological Doctrines, Boulder, Shambhala.
Nursi, Bediüzzaman Said (2008): The Reasonings: A Key to Understanding the Qur‘an’s Eloquence, Tughra Books, Nueva Jersey.
Othman, Hussain (2008): «Conceptual Understanding of Myths and Legends in Malay History», Sari, 26: 91-110.
Pillsbury, B.L.K. (1981): «Muslim History in China: A 1300-Year Chronology», Journal of the Institute of Muslim Minority Affairs, 3 (2): 10-29.
Pluvier, J.M. (1995): Historical Atlas of South-East Asia, Brill, Leiden.
Postan, M.M.; Millar, E. (eds.) (1987): The Cambridge Economic History of Europe. Trade and industry in the Middle Ages, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Salazar, Z. (2009): «Pantayon Pananaw como discurso civilizacional», Cuaderno Internacional de Estudios Humanísticos y Lingüística, 13: 131-143.
Saleeby, N.M. (1963): The History of Sulu, Filipiniana Book Guild, Manila.
Schimmel, A. (1991): «Sacred Geography in Islam», en J. Scott y P. Simpson-Housley (eds.), Sacred Places and Profane Spaces: Essays in the Geographics of Judaism, Christianity and Islam, Greenwood, Ney York: 166-175.
Schottenhammer, A. (2001): The Emporium of the World: Maritime Quanzhou, 1000-1400, Brill, Leiden.
Scott, W.H. (1992): Looking for the Prehispanic Filipino and Other Essays in Philippine History, New Day, Quezon City.
Seyed-Gohrab, A.A. et al. (2007): Gog and Magog: The Clans of Chaos in World Literature, Rozenberg Pubs., Amsterdam.
Stoneman, R. (2003): «Alexander the Great in Arabic Tradition», en Stelios Panayotakis et alt., The Ancient Novel and Beyond, Brill, Leiden: 3-22.
Suárez, T. (2008): Early Mapping of Southeast Asia: The Epic Story of Seafarers, Adventurers, and Cartographers Who First Mapped the Regions Between China and India, Periplus, Singapur.
Subrahmanyam, S. (1997): «Connected Histories: Notes towards a Reconfiguration of Early Modern Eurasia», en Modern Asian Studies 31 (3): 735-762.
Tibbetts, G.R. (1971): Arab navigation in the Indian Ocean before the coming of the Portuguese: being a translation of Kitāb al-Fawā’id fī uūl al-bar wa’l-qawā’id of Aḥmad b. Mājid al-Najdī; together with an introduction on the history of Arab navigation, notes on the navigational techniques and on the topography of the Indian Ocean and a glossary of navigational terms, Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, London.
Tibbetts, G.R. (1979): A Study of the Arabic Texts containing Material on South-East Asia, Brill, Leiden & London.
Vernet, J. (1992): El Islam en España, Mapfre, Madrid.
Wheatley, P. (1980): The Golden Khersonese: Studies in the Historical Geography of the Malay Peninsula Before A.D. 1500, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur.
Winstedt, R. (1969): A History of Classical Malay Literature, Oxford University Press, Kuala Lumpur.
Xu Xianlong, M. (1996): «From Moors to Moros; The North African Heritage of the Hui Chinese», Journal of the Institute of Muslim Minority Affairs 16 (1): 21-29.
Yatim, O.M. (1988): Batu Aceh: Early Islamic Gravestones in Peninsular Malaysia, Museum Association of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
The articles are open access distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives (CC BY-NC-ND) Spain 4.0 license. Authors who publish in this journal agree with the following terms:
a) Authors retain the copyright and guarantee the journal the right to be the first publication of the work as well as licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with a recognition of the authorship of the work and the Initial publication in this magazine.
b) Authors may separately establish additional agreements for the non-exclusive distribution of the version of the work published in the journal (for example, place it in an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with recognition of its initial publication in this magazine.
c) Authors are allowed and encouraged to disseminate their work electronically (for example, in institutional repositories or on their own website) before and during the submission process, as it may result in productive exchanges, as well as a earliest and largest citation of published works (See The Effect of Open Access).
