La institucionalización del modelo tabaquero español 1580-1636: La creación del estanco del tabaco en España. Nota y discusión
Keywords:
tabaco, monopolio, fiscalidad, fraude y contrabando, aranceles, reforma fiscal, comercio internacional, tobacco, monopoly, taxes, fraud and smuggling, tariffs, fiscal reform, international tradeAbstract
La nota pretende analizar el contexto histórico en el que se inicia la economía tabaquera europea a principios del siglo XVII. Las decisiones sobre la producción, el comercio y la fiscalidad que este nuevo producto provoca en los estados de la época vienen motivadas por su creciente importancia como fuente de recursos públicos ante el espectacular desarrollo de su consumo. En un escenario de guerra casi permanente (Guerra de los Treinta Años, Guerras de Flandes, etc.), el tabaco proporciona unos ingresos fiscales saneados a los gobiernos. En este contexto se sitúa la aparición del primer monopolio fiscal moderno, el estanco español del tabaco creado por Real Cédula de 26-XII-1636 y las consecuencias que la misma tuvo para el posterior desarrollo de una economía del tabaco en España.
The note expect to analyse the historical environment at the beginning of the XVII century when the tobacco is introduced into the European economy. The production, trade and taxation on the tobacco decisions take for the governments, was driving to become importance of fiscal revenues produced by the growing consumption of that one, because the war needs expenditures drive the fiscal regulation. In this context the Spanish government establish the first fiscal monopoly by Royal Act of 26-XII-1636.
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